Public policy analysis of regulation of migration processes as a tool for overcoming demographic threats to national security

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of public policy mechanisms aimed at regulating migration movements in the context of modern security challenges. The relevance of the study is due to the need to find effective tools for preserving the human capital of Ukraine in the context of full-scale aggression and the aggravation of the demographic crisis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the systematization of the tools of state influence on the migration intentions of the population through the prism of four levels: regulatory and administrative, financial and economic, institutional and informational. The article presents world practices of selective involvement of specialists (the experience of Canada, Georgia) and repatriation strategies (the experience of Ireland), which allowed us to determine the limits and possibilities of their adaptation to the national context. Special attention is paid to the "digital sustainability" of the Ukrainian model of migration management. The role of the "Diya" application as a tool for continuous remote interaction of the state with citizens abroad, which is a preventive measure against the loss of national identity, is highlighted. Economic programs (“e-Settlement”, grant support for business) are analyzed as key elements of the financial and economic mechanism that form the prerequisites for the return of migrants in the post-war period. It is proven that strategic planning in this area should be transformed from reactive administration to proactive modeling based on Big Data and clear performance indicators (KPI). The need to transition to interdepartmental coordination (the “Inter-agency task force” model) is substantiated, which will allow combining the efforts of different branches of government around the idea of forming long-term public value. The proposed recommendations for improving strategic planning are aimed at strengthening the institutional capacity of the state in ensuring national security and sustainable demographic development.